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2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 117(6): 1191-1201, dez. 2021. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350048

ABSTRACT

Resumo A prevalência de obesidade e insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada (ICFEP) aumenta significativamente em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Embora a obesidade seja um fator de risco para disfunção diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo (DDFVE), o mecanismo que liga a interrupção da produção de hormônios ovarianos, especialmente o estrogênio, ao desenvolvimento da obesidade, DDFVE, e ICFEP em mulheres em processo de envelhecimento não é claro. Estudos clínicos e epidemiológicos demonstram que mulheres na pós-menopausa com obesidade abdominal (definida pela circunferência de cintura) têm risco maior de desenvolver a ICFEP do que homens ou mulheres sem obesidade abdominal. Este estudo analisa dados clínicos que corroboram a existência de uma ligação de mecanismo entre a perda de estrogênio mais obesidade e o remodelamento ventricular esquerdo com ICFEP. Ele também discute os possíveis mecanismos celulares e moleculares para a proteção mediada por estrogênio contra tipos de células, depósitos de tecidos, função e metabolismo de adipócitos negativos que podem contribuir para a DDFVE e a ICFEP.


Abstract The prevalence of obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) increases significantly in postmenopausal women. Although obesity is a risk factor for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), the mechanisms that link the cessation of ovarian hormone production, and particularly estrogens, to the development of obesity, LVDD, and HFpEF in aging females are unclear. Clinical, and epidemiologic studies show that postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity (defined by waist circumference) are at greater risk for developing HFpEF than men or women without abdominal obesity. The study presents a review of clinical data that support a mechanistic link between estrogen loss plus obesity and left ventricular remodeling with LVDD. It also seeks to discuss potential cell and molecular mechanisms for estrogen-mediated protection against adverse adipocyte cell types, tissue depots, function, and metabolism that may contribute to LVDD and HFpEF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology , Heart Failure/etiology , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function, Left , Estrogens , Obesity, Abdominal/complications
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 117(4): 701-712, Oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345245

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento: Indicadores antropométricos são utilizados na prática clínica e em estudos epidemiológicos para rastreamento de fatores de risco à saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar o poder discriminatório individual do Índice de Adiposidade Corporal (IAC), do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), da Circunferência da Cintura (CC) e da Razão Cintura-Quadril (RCQ) para identificar risco coronariano e investigar se a combinação de indicadores antropométricos de obesidade geral e central melhora a capacidade preditiva em adultos. Métodos: Avaliou-se 15 092 participantes (54,4% mulheres) com idades entre 35-74 anos na linha de base do ELSA-Brasil. Indivíduos em risco coronariano foram identificados pelo Escore de Risco de Framingham, e divididos em risco muito alto (RMA20%) e risco alto (RA10%). Medidas de acurácia diagnóstica e áreas sob curvas ROC (AUC) foram analisadas. Associações foram testadas por regressão de poisson com variância robusta, conforme sexo e idade. Foi adotada significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: A RCQ apresentou melhor poder discriminatório para RMA20% em todos os grupos, com maior capacidade preditiva nas mulheres (AUC: 0,802; IC95%: 0,748-0,856 vs 0,657; IC95%: 0,630-0,683 nas faixas etárias 35-59 anos e AUC: 0,668; IC95%: 0,621-0,715 vs 0,611; IC95%: 0,587-0,635 nas faixas etárias 60-74 anos). As combinações IAC+RCQ e IMC+RCQ apresentaram melhor poder preditivo em homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Combinações entre indicadores de obesidade geral e central estiveram mais fortemente associadas com RMA20% e RCA10% em todos os estratos. Conclusões: Indicadores combinados tiveram melhor capacidade preditiva do que um indicador isoladamente, sendo IAC+RCQ e IMC+RCQ melhores estimadores de risco coronariano em homens e mulheres, respectivamente. RCQ teve melhor desempenho individual.


Abstract Background: Anthropometric indicators have been used in clinical practice and epidemiological studies for screening of health risk factors. Objectives: To evaluate the individual discriminatory power of body adiposity index (BAI), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip-ratio (WHR) to identify individuals at risk for coronary heart disease and to evaluate whether combinations of anthropometric indicators of overall obesity with indicators of central obesity improve predictive ability in adults. Methods: A total of 15,092 participants (54.4% women) aged 35-74years were assessed at baseline of the ELSA-Brasil study. Individuals at risk for coronary heart disease were identified using the Framingham risk score and divided into very-high risk (VHR 20%) and high risk (HR10%). Measures of diagnostic accuracy and area under the ROC curves (AUC) were analyzed. Associations were tested using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance, according to age and sex. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: WHR showed the highest discriminatory power for VHR20% in all groups, with higher predictive ability in women (AUC: 0.802; 95%CI: 0.748-0.856 vs 0.657; 95%CI: 0.630-0.683 in the age range of 35-59 years, and AUC: 0.668; 95%CI: 0.621-0.715 vs 0.611; 95%CI: 0.587-0.635 in the age range of 60-74 years). BAI + WHR and BMI + WHR had the highest predictive power in men and women, respectively. Combinations of indicators of overall obesity with indicators of central obesity were more strongly associated with VHR20% and HR10% in all subgroups. Conclusion: Combined indicators had greater predictive ability than indicators taken individually. BAI+ WHR and BMI + WHR were the best estimators of coronary risk in men and women, respectively, and WHR had the best individual performance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Risk Factors , Waist-Hip Ratio , Waist Circumference , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications , Obesity/epidemiology
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 116(5): 879-886, nov. 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248888

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento: O índice de massa corporal (IMC) é o índice mais usado para categorizar uma pessoa como obesa ou não-obesa, e está sujeito a limitações importantes. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito direto do IMC nos desfechos cardiovasculares em participantes sem obesidade central. Métodos: Esta análise incluiu 14.983 homens e mulheres com idades entre 45-75 anos do Estudo de Risco de Aterosclerose em Comunidades (ARIC). O IMC foi medido como obesidade geral e a circunferência da cintura (CC), a relação cintura-quadril (RCQ) e circunferência do quadril como obesidade central. A estimativa de máxima verossimilhança direcionada (TMLE, no acrônimo em inglês) foi usada para estimar os efeitos totais (TEs) e os efeitos diretos controlados (CDEs). A proporção de ET que seria eliminada se todos os participantes fossem não obesos em relação à obesidade central foi calculada usando o índice de proporção eliminada (PE). P<0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. As análises foram realizadas no pacote TMLE R. Resultados: O risco de desfechos cardiovasculares atribuídos ao IMC foi significativamente revertido com a eliminação da obesidade na RCQ (p <0,001). A proporção eliminada dos efeitos do IMC foi mais tangível para participantes não obesos em relação à CC (PE = 127%; IC95% (126,128)) e RCQ (PE = 97%; IC95% (96,98)) para doença arterial coronariana (DAC), e RCQ (PE = 92%; IC95% (91,94)) para acidente vascular cerebral, respectivamente. Com relação ao sexo, a proporção eliminada dos efeitos do IMC foi mais tangível para participantes não obesos em relação a RCQ (PE = 428%; IC95% (408.439)) para DAC em homens e CC (PE = 99%; IC95% (89,111)) para acidente vascular cerebral em mulheres, respectivamente. Conclusão: Esses resultados indicam diferentes efeitos potenciais da eliminação da obesidade central na associação entre IMC e desfechos cardiovasculares em homens e mulheres. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(5):879-886)


Background: Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used index to categorize a person as obese or non-obese, which is subject to important limitations. Objective: To evaluate the direct effect of BMI on cardiovascular outcomes among participants without central obesity. Methods: This analysis included 14,983 males and females aged 45-75 years from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC). BMI was measured as general obesity, and waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and hip circumference as central obesity. Targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) was used to estimate the total effects (TEs) and the controlled direct effects (CDEs). The proportion of TE that would be eliminated if all participants were non-obese regarding central obesity was computed using the proportion eliminated (PE) index. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were performed in the TMLE R package. Results: The risk of cardiovascular outcomes attributed to BMI was significantly reversed by eliminating WHR obesity (p<0.001). The proportion eliminated of BMI effects was more tangible for non-obese participants regarding WC (PE=127%; 95%CI (126,128)) and WHR (PE=97%; 95%CI (96,98)) for coronary heart disease (CHD), and WHR (PE=92%; 95%CI (91,94)) for stroke, respectively. With respect to sex, the proportion eliminated of BMI effects was more tangible for non-obese participants regarding WHR (PE=428%; 95%CI (408,439)) for CHD in males, and WC (PE=99%; 95%CI (89,111)) for stroke in females, respectively. Conclusion: These results indicate different potential effects of eliminating central obesity on the association between BMI and cardiovascular outcomes for males and females. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(5):879-886)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Body Mass Index , Likelihood Functions , Risk Factors , Waist-Hip Ratio , Waist Circumference , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 79(9): 808-815, Sept. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345335

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Narcolepsy is a disease resulting from the loss of hypocretin-producing cells or other dysfunctions of the hypocretinergic system. In addition to sleep disorders, affected patients may experience increased weight gain, olfactory changes, and poorer quality of life. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between narcolepsy and weight gain, years of study, sleep parameters, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with narcolepsy type 1 and narcolepsy type 2. Anthropometric, olfactory, socioeducational, and excessive daytime sleepiness evaluations were performed in 77 patients. Results: Greater weight gain and abdominal obesity were observed in patients with type 1 narcolepsy. Patients with higher education level had lower scores of daytime sleepiness, higher scores on the olfactory function test, and lower rates of abdominal obesity. Discussion: Patients with narcolepsy type 1 showed an increased body weight and abdominal obesity when compared to narcolepsy type 2. The patients with a higher schooling level showed a reduction of the daytime sleepiness scores, lower rates of abdominal obesity, and better scores on the olfactory function test. Conclusion: Among all the patients with narcolepsy, the data indicated that aging and hypocretin deficiency are associated with abdominal obesity, while years of study is the variable that mostly influences olfaction function.


RESUMO Antecedentes: A narcolepsia é resultante da perda de células produtoras de hipocretina ou da disfunção do sistema hipocretinérgico. Além dos distúrbios do sono característicos da doença, os pacientes afetados podem apresentar também aumento de peso, alterações olfatórias e pior qualidade de vida. Métodos: O objetivo do estudo é investigar a relação entre a narcolepsia e o ganho de peso, anos de estudo, parâmetros do sono e a disfunção olfatória em pacientes com narcolepsia tipo 1 e narcolepsia tipo 2. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, do olfato, sociais, educacionais e da sonolência excessiva diurna nos 77 indivíduos participantes da pesquisa. Resultados: Foram observados, nos pacientes com narcolepsia tipo 1, maior ganho de peso e maior frequência de obesidade central. Pacientes com ensino superior apresentaram escores mais baixos de sonolência excessiva diurna, escores mais altos no teste de função olfatória e menores taxas de obesidade central. Discussão: Pacientes com narcolepsia tipo 1 apresentaram maior ganho de peso e obesidade central quando comparados aos com narcolepsia tipo 2. Os pacientes com maior escolaridade apresentaram menores escores de sonolência diurna, de obesidade central e melhores escores no teste da função olfatória. Conclusão: Nos indivíduos com narcolepsia tipo 1 e tipo 2, os dados indicaram que o envelhecimento e a deficiência de hipocretina estão associados à obesidade central, enquanto anos de estudo é a variável que mais influencia na função olfatória.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neuropeptides , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Narcolepsy , Quality of Life , Aging , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Orexins
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 116(4): 795-803, abr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285216

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento: A obesidade afeta a adolescência, podendo levar à síndrome metabólica (SM) e disfunção endotelial, um marcador precoce de risco cardiovascular. Apesar de a obesidade ser fortemente associada à síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS), ainda não está claro o papel da SAOS na função endotelial em adolescentes obesos. Objetivo: Investigar se a obesidade durante a adolescência leva à SM e/ou SAOS e causa disfunção endotelial nesses indivíduos. Além disso, estudamos a possível associação dos fatores de risco para SM e do índice de apneia e hipopneia (IAH) com disfunção endotelial. Métodos: Estudamos 20 adolescentes obesos sedentários (AO; 14,2±1,6 anos, 100,9±20,3kg), e 10 adolescentes eutróficos (AE, 15,2±1,2 anos, 54,4±5,3kg) pareados por sexo. Avaliamos os fatores de risco para SM (critérios da Federação Internacional de Diabetes), função vascular (dilatação mediada pelo fluxo, DMF), capacidade funcional (VO2pico) e presença de SAOS (IAH > 1 evento/hora, pela polissonografia). Consideramos um p<0,05 como estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: AO apresentaram maior circunferência da cintura (CC), gordura corporal, triglicerídeos, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), maiores níveis de LDL e menores HDL e VO2pico em comparação a AE. Não houve diferença no IAH entre os grupos. AO apresentaram menor DMF que AE (6,17±2,72 vs. 9,37±2,20%, p=0,005). Observou-se uma associação entre DMF e CC (R=-0,506, p=0,008) e entre DMF e PAS (R=-0,493, p=0,006). Conclusão: Em adolescentes, a obesidade associou-se à SM e causou disfunção endotelial. CC e PAS aumentadas poderiam estar envolvidas nessa alteração. SAOS foi detectada na maioria dos adolescentes independentemente de obesidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(4):795-803)


Abstract Background: Obesity affects adolescence and may lead to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and endothelial dysfunction, an early marker of cardiovascular risk. Albeit obesity is strongly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), it is not clear the role of OSA in endothelial function in adolescents with obesity. Objective: To investigate whether obesity during adolescence leads to MetS and/or OSA; and causes endothelial dysfunction. In addition, we studied the possible association of MetS risk factors and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) with endothelial dysfunction. Methods: We studied 20 sedentary obese adolescents (OA; 14.2±1.6 years, 100.9±20.3kg), and 10 normal-weight adolescents (NWA, 15.2±1.2 years, 54.4±5.3kg) paired for sex. We assessed MetS risk factors (International Diabetes Federation criteria), vascular function (Flow-Mediated Dilation, FMD), functional capacity (VO2peak) and the presence of OSA (AHI>1event/h, by polysomnography). We considered statistically significant a P<0.05. Results: OA presented higher waist (WC), body fat, triglycerides, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), LDL-c and lower HDL-c and VO2peak than NWA. MetS was presented in the 35% of OA, whereas OSA was present in 86.6% of OA and 50% of EA. There was no difference between groups in the AHI. The OA had lower FMD than NWA (6.17±2.72 vs. 9.37±2.20%, p=0.005). There was an association between FMD and WC (R=-0.506, p=0.008) and FMD and SBP (R=-0.493, p=0.006). Conclusion: In adolescents, obesity was associates with MetS and caused endothelial dysfunction. Increased WC and SBP could be involved in this alteration. OSA was observed in most adolescents, regardless of obesity. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(4):795-803)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Blood Pressure , Body Mass Index , Risk Factors , Polysomnography , Obesity/complications
7.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(3): 245-251, May-June 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134360

ABSTRACT

Abstract Backgroud: Central obesity, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT), represents a health risk due to its endocrine and metabolic capacity, contributing to the development of the atherogenic profile and strongly associating with cardiovascular morbimortality. Objective: To identify the association between central obesity and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk in elderly patients treated at a geriatric outpatient clinic in Lagarto-SE. Method: This is a cross-sectional study of 159 elderly people of both sexes. Central adiposity was considered an independent variable, identified by measuring the Waist Circumference (WC). Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, triglycerides, glycemia and Castelli I and II indices were considered dependent variables. Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between central obesity and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk. Those with p < 0.20 were used in the bivariate regression analysis, adopting a 95% confidence interval. Results: Mean age was 70.9 ± 7.5 years. Central obesity was present in 43.2% of males and 56.8% of females (p = 0.002). There was statistically significant association between HDL-c, HDL-C and Castelli I Index and central obesity. Individuals with central obesity are 2.48 and 3.13 times more likely to develop changes in HDL-C and Castelli I index, respectively. Conclusion: There is an association between central obesity and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk in the elderly.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Intra-Abdominal Fat/physiopathology , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Waist Circumference , Cholesterol, HDL/blood
8.
Dermatol. argent ; 26(1): 17-22, 2020. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146358

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La hidradenitis supurativa (HS) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica relacionada con el síndrome metabólico (SM), con un mayor riesgo de comorbilidades cardiovasculares; por lo tanto, se debe mantener un alto grado de sospecha clínica frente al hallazgo de alguno de sus componentes. Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia del SM en los pacientes con diagnóstico de HS en comparación con la población general. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas y el archivo fotográfico de los pacientes con diagnóstico de HS que consultaron entre el 1/9/2017 y el 31/8/2019. Se analizaron las variables: sexo, edad, antecedentes familiares, tiempo de evolución, índice de masa corporal, obesidad abdominal, laboratorio (glucemia y perfil lipídico), presión arterial, tabaquismo, número y localización de las lesiones, gravedad clinicoecográfica, respuesta al tratamiento y evolución clínica. Resultados: Se evaluaron 30 pacientes con HS valorados en nuestro servicio en los últimos 2 años; 23 mujeres y 7 varones. Predominó el grupo etario de 31-40 años. De ellos, 19 pacientes (63,3%) cumplieron con los criterios necesarios para diagnosticar el SM, hallazgo que no se relacionó con el grado de severidad de la HS. Conclusiones: La prevalencia del SM en nuestros pacientes con HS fue del 63,3% con respecto al 27,5% de la población general. La importancia de este hallazgo radica en detectar de forma temprana y oportuna la presencia de este síndrome en los pacientes con HS para evitar el riesgo de comorbilidades cardiovasculares en el futuro. (AU)


Background: Suppurative hidradenitis (SH) is a chronic, inflammatory disease, closely related to metabolic syndrome (MS), with an increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities; for that reason we should keep a high level of clinical suspicion when one of its components is found. Objective: To evaluate MS prevalence in patients with diagnosis of SH in comparison with general population. Design: Descriptive retrospective study. Methods: We reviewed clinical and photographical files of patients with diagnosis of suppurative hidradenitis who consulted from 1/9/2017 until 31/8/2019. Variables analyzed were: sex, age, familial history, time of evolution, body mass index, abdominal obesity, glycemia, lipid profile, blood pressure, smoking, number and location of lesions, clinicalechographic severity, response to treatment and clinical evolution. Results: Thirty patients with SH were evaluated, 23 females and 7 males. The age group between 31-40 years prevailed; of these, 19 patients (63.3%) meet necessary criteria for diagnosis of MS, this finding did not correlate to the severity degree of SH. Conclusions: The MS prevalence in our SH patients was 63.3%, compared to 27.5% in the general population. The importance of this finding lays on detecting in an early and opportune way, the presence of MS in patients with SH, and to avoid the risk of future cardiovascular comorbidities. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Body Mass Index , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/diagnosis , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Heart Disease Risk Factors
9.
São Paulo med. j ; 137(2): 126-131, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014633

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) index is an abdominal adiposity marker. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the cardiovascular risk of primary healthcare users through the LAP index and correlate it with anthropometric and biochemical indicators. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in primary care units in a city in northeastern Brazil. METHODS: The subjects responded to a structured questionnaire that contained questions about their sociodemographic condition, and then underwent an anthropometric nutritional assessment. The LAP index values were expressed as three degrees of cardiovascular risk intensity: high risk (above the 75th percentile), moderate risk (between the 25th and 75th percentiles) and low risk (below the 25th percentile). RESULTS: The median LAP index was 52.5 cm.mmol/l (range: 28.2-86.6), and there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes: 57.7 cm.mmol/l (24.5-91.1) and 49.5 cm.mmol/l (29.8-85.2) for females and males, respectively (P = 0.576). Among all the subjects, 67.2% were overweight and there was a statistically significant difference in mean LAP index between those who were and those who were not overweight. Statistically significant differences in anthropometric and biochemical markers for cardiovascular risk were observed among individuals who had higher LAP index values. There were significant correlations between the LAP index and all of the biochemical variables. CONCLUSIONS: These significant correlations between the LAP index and the traditional biochemical risk markers may be useful within conventional clinical practice, for cardiovascular risk screening in primary healthcare.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Lipid Accumulation Product , Primary Health Care , Socioeconomic Factors , Biomarkers , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Waist Circumference , Obesity, Abdominal/blood
10.
Rev. venez. oncol ; 31(1): 8-15, mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1024049

ABSTRACT

El uso del rol predictor del tejido adiposo intra-abdominal puede ser un criterio útil para estimar la concordancia del tiempo de supervivencia, comparándolo al sistema de estadiaje TNM, en cáncer primario de vesícula biliar. Su beneficio es no requerir de métodos invasivos para su evaluación. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, de cohortes, con un grupo conformado por pacientes con obesidad según el valor del tejido adiposo intra-abdominal, evaluado por tomografía, así como otro grupo sin obesidad. El estudio incluyó 19 pacientes, con seguimiento desde diciembre de 2009 hasta febrero de 2013, divididos en el primer grupo 8 y en el grupo sin obesidad a 11 pacientes. La estadística usada para evaluar su concordancia fue el método Kaplan-Meier y la prueba Logrank (Mantel-Haezel). El tiempo de supervivencia global en el grupo de obesidad fue 13,6 meses y del grupo sin obesidad 11,7 meses. El valor del tejido adiposo intra-abdominal no muestra concordancia para pronosticar sobrevida, comparado a la estadificación de eoplasias TNM(AU)


The use of the predicting roll of intraabdominal fat can be a useful to consider the agreement of the time of survival, being compared it the characters of the system of TNM stage. Its benefit is not to require of invasive methods for its evaluation. A cohorts prospective study was made, with a group conformed by patients to obesity according to the value of the intraabdominal fat, evaluated by tomografía, and another group without obesity. The group I include population of patients from December of the 2009 to February of the 2013, being 19 cases, divided in first group 8 and the group without obesity to 11 patients. The used statistic to evaluate its agreement was the Kaplan-Meier method and the Logrank test (Mantel-Haezel).The overall survival in group I (Obesity) was 13.6 months and of group without obesity was 11.7 months. The value of the intra-abdominal fat does not show agreement to forecast of survivor, compared to neoplasm staging TNM(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Digestive System Neoplasms , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Gallbladder Neoplasms/physiopathology , Gallbladder Neoplasms/epidemiology , Intra-Abdominal Fat , Medical Oncology
11.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 35(8): e00175318, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011724

ABSTRACT

The aim was to evaluate the separate and joint association of abdominal adiposity indicators (a body shape index - ABSI, waist circumference - WC, waist-to-height ratio - WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, in Brazilian older adults. Data from the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS 2013) were used for the population aged 60 years or older (10,537 older adults). Arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus outcomes were self-reported and the following anthropometric indices were evaluated by direct measurement: a ABSI, BMI, WC and WHtR. Associations were assessed by logistic regression, with adjustments for confounding factors. The results of this study evidenced a higher strength of association between the report of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus with BMI, WC and WHtR in the Brazilian population of older adults in separate analyses, when compared to ABSI. When adjusted for BMI, ABSI showed a greater strength of association with the outcomes, but it was not superior to the performance of WC and WHtR. Considering the lower strength of association, in separate and joint analyses, between the new index (ABSI) and the chronic conditions assessed, BMI, WC and WHtR probably remain as useful indices in public health, at least in relation to arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Brazilian older adults.


O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação isolada e conjunta dos indicadores de adiposidade abdominal (a body shape index - ABSI, circunferência da cintura - CC, razão cintura-estatura - RCE) e índice de massa corporal (IMC) com a hipertensão arterial e o diabetes mellitus em idosos brasileiros. Foram usados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS 2013) para a população com 60 anos ou mais (10.537 idosos). A hipertensão arterial e o diabetes mellitus foram auto-relatados, e os seguintes índices antropométricos foram avaliados através da aferição direta: índice de formato corporal ABSI, IMC, CC e RCE. As associações foram avaliadas por regressão logística, com ajustes para fatores de confusão. Os resultados do estudo evidenciaram uma associação mais forte entre o relato de hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus em análises separadas com IMC, CC e RCE na população idosa brasileira, quando comparado ao ABSI. Quando ajustado para IMC, o ABSI mostrou uma associação mais forte com os desfechos, mas não foi superior ao desempenho da CC ou da RCE. Considerando a associação mais fraca nas análises separadas e conjuntas entre o novo índice (ABSI) e as doenças crônicas avaliadas, o IMC, CC e RCE ainda são índices úteis na saúde pública, pelo menos em relação à hipertensão arterial e ao diabetes mellitus em idosos brasileiros.


El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación independiente y conjunta de los indicadores de adiposidad abdominal (a body shape index - ABSI, circunferencia de cintura - CC, proporción cintura-altura - ICA) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) con la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus, en ancianos brasileños. Los datos procedieron de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2013 (PNS 2013) pertenecientes a una población con 60 años o más (10.537 ancianos). Los resultados de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus fueron autoinformados y se evaluaron los siguientes índices antropométricos mediante medición directa: ABSI, IMC, CC y ICA. Las asociaciones se evaluaron mediante regresión logística, con ajustes por factores de confusión. Los resultados del presente estudio evidenciaron una fuerza de asociación más alta entre el reporte de hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus con el IMC, CC e ICA en la población anciana brasileña en los análisis por separado, cuando se compararon con el ABSI. Cuando se ajustó al IMC, el ABSI mostró una fortaleza mayor de asociación con los resultados, pero no fue superior al desempeño de la CC e ICA. Considerando una fortaleza de asociación más baja, en los análisis por separado y conjuntos, entre el nuevo índice (ABSI) y las condiciones crónicas de salud evaluadas, IMC, CC e ICA probablemente siguen siendo índices útiles en salud pública, al menos en relación con la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus en ancianos brasileños.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus/etiology , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Health Surveys , Waist Circumference , Waist-Height Ratio , Middle Aged
12.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 17(4): 591-602, jul.-ago. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-978554

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Estudios epidemiológicos han señalado que la obesidad abdominal es el factor de riesgo más preponderante en los países latinoamericanos y el que mejor explica la ocurrencia de un primer infarto agudo de miocardio. Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular por la medición de la circunferencia abdominal en el Consultorio 22 del Policlínico Docente Aleida Fernández Chardiet del municipio La Lisa, La Habana, Cuba, en 2016. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal en personas mayores de 17 años de edad. El universo estuvo constituido por 538 personas. Se utilizaron distribuciones de frecuencias, cálculos porcentuales y el test de Chi Cuadrado. Resultados: De acuerdo con el valor de la circunferencia abdominal, 42,9 por ciento de las personas presentó un riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular incrementado. El riesgo incrementado predominó en el sexo masculino (48 por ciento). Solo el 16,5 por ciento de los pacientes diabéticos tuvo un riesgo bajo. El 50,6 por ciento de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial y 45,4 por ciento de los fumadores presentaron un riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular incrementado. Conclusiones: El riesgo incrementado de enfermedad cardiovascular, según la medida de la circunferencia abdominal, predominó en la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados, fundamentalmente en los pacientes del sexo masculino, los diabéticos, los hipertensos y los fumadores. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, encontrado por la obesidad abdominal y la edad, el sexo, la Diabetes Mellitus y la hipertensión arterial(AU)


Introduction: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that abdominal obesity is the most important risk factor and the one that best explains the occurrence of a first acute myocardial infarction in Latin American countries. Objective: To determine the risk of cardiovascular disease by measuring the abdominal circumference in Doctor's Office 22 of Aleida Fernández Chardiet Teaching Polyclinic, La Lisa municipality, Havana, Cuba, in 2016. Material and Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in people older than 17 years old. The universe of study was composed of 538 persons. Distributions of frequencies, percentage calculations, and the Chi-square test were used. Results: With regard to the value of abdominal circumference, 42,9 percent of people presented a high risk of cardiovascular disease, which predominated in the male sex (48,0 percent). Only 16,5 percent of diabetic patients presented a low risk. The 50,6 percent of patients with arterial hypertension, and the 45,4 percent of smokers presented a high risk. Conclusions: Regarding the evaluation of the abdominal circumference, a high risk of cardiovascular disease was observed in the majority of population studied, especially in the male sex, diabetics, hypertensive patients, and smokers. A statistically significant relationship was observed in patients with risk of cardiovascular disease due to abdominal obesity and age, sex, Diabetes Mellitus, and arterial hypertension.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Risk Assessment/methods , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Abdominal Circumference , Observational Study , Myocardial Infarction/complications
13.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(4): 368-373, Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956460

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is associated with higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS varies according to the studied population as it suffers influence of genetics, aging, sedentary behaviour and diet. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of MS in local psoriasis patients and the influence of psoriasis variables on its appearance. METHODS: A group of 97 psoriasis patients were studied for MS and compared with 97 controls. Psoriasis type, nail involvement, psoriasis extension measured by PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) were obtained through physical examination and history of previous myocardial infarction, angina and stroke were obtained through chart review. RESULTS: Comparison of MS prevalence in psoriasis patients (49.4%) with controls (35.0%) showed difference with p=0.04; OR=1.8 (95%CI=1.02-3.23). Patients with psoriasis had higher body mass index (p=0.02), higher systolic blood pressure (p=0.007), lower HDL cholesterol (p=0.01), higher glucose (p=0.04), higher waist circumference (p=0.003) and more angina pectoris (p=0.03;OR=2.5; 95% 0=1.04-6.15) than controls. When psoriasis sample with and without MS were compared, those with MS were older (p=0.0004), had disease onset at older age (p=0.02), more tobacco exposure (p=0.02), and a tendency to have less scalp involvement (p=0.06) in univariate analysis. Logistic regression showed that only age and scalp involvement were independently associated with MS in the psoriasis sample. CONCLUSION: In our psoriasis sample, MS prevalence is high and the items that deserve more attention are central obesity, low HDL, hypertension and smoking habits. In the psoriasis group, MS was associated independently with older age and less scalp involvement.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência de SM (Síndrome metabólica) em pacientes com psoríase de nossa localidade, assim como a influência das variáveis da psoríase no seu aparecimento. MÉTODOS: Noventa e sete pacientes com psoríase foram estudados para SM e comparados com 97 controles. Dados sobre o tipo de psoríase, envolvimento de unhas e extensão da lesão cutânea medida pelo PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) foram obtidas por meio de exame físico. Dados de infarto do miocárdio, angina pectoris e acidente vascular cerebral prévios foram coletados por meio de revisão de prontuários e questionamento direto. RESULTADOS: A comparação da prevalência de SM em pacientes com psoríase (49,4%) com controles (35,0%) apresentou diferença com p = 0,04; OR = 1,8 (IC95% = 1,02-3,23). Pacientes com psoríase apresentaram maior índice de massa corporal (p = 0,02), maior pressão arterial sistólica (p = 0,007), menor colesterol HDL (p = 0,01), maiores valores de glicose (p = 0,04), maior circunferência da cintura (p = 0,003) e mais angina pectoris (p = 0,03; OR = 2,5; IC95% = 1,04-6,15) do que controles. Quando os pacientes de psoríase com e sem SM foram comparados entre si, aqueles com SM eram mais velhos (p = 0,0004), apresentaram início da doença em idade mais avançada (p = 0,02), tinham maior exposição ao fumo (p = 0,02) e tendência a ter menor envolvimento no couro cabeludo (p = 0,06) quando comparados com os sem SM na análise univariada. A regressão logística mostrou que apenas a idade e o envolvimento do couro cabeludo foram independentemente associados à SM na amostra de psoríase. CONCLUSÃO: Na presente amostra de pacientes com psoríase, a prevalência de SM é alta e os itens que merecem mais atenção são obesidade central, baixo HDL, hipertensão e hábito de fumar. No grupo da psoríase, a SM foi associada de forma independente com idade mais avançada e menor envolvimento no couro cabeludo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Psoriasis/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Psoriasis/complications , Triglycerides/blood , Severity of Illness Index , Blood Glucose/analysis , Blood Pressure/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Waist Circumference , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Middle Aged
14.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(4): 346-353, Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956457

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY The objective was to evaluate the association between nutritional status and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in remaining quilombolas. Cross-sectional study carried out on 32 remaining quilombola communities in the municipality of Alcântara-MA. The nutritional indicators (IN) used were: body mass index (BMI); Waist circumference (WC); Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR); Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); conicity index (CI) and estimated visceral adipose tissue (VAT). GFR was estimated from the CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C formula. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to evaluate the normality of the quantitative variables. In order to compare the second IN sex, the chi-square test was applied. The Anova or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to verify the association between IN and GFR. Of the 1,526 remaining quilombolas studied, 89.5% were black or brown, 51.2% were women, 88.6% belonged to economic classes D and E and 61.2% were farmers or fishermen. Clinical investigation revealed 29.2% of hypertensive patients, 8.5% of diabetics and 3.1% with reduced GFR. The BMI revealed 45.6% of the remaining quilombolas with excess weight. When compared to men, women presented a higher prevalence of overweight by BMI (56.6% vs 33.8%, p <0.001) and abdominal obesity CC (52.3% vs 4.3%), WHR (76,5% vs 5.8%), WHtR (82.3% vs 48.9%) and VAT (27.1% vs 14.5%) (p <0.001). Comparing the means of IN according to the GFR, it was observed that the higher the mean value of the IN lower the GFR (p <0.05). The GFR reduced with increasing mean values of nutritional indicators of abdominal obesity, regardless of sex.


RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar a associação entre o estado nutricional e a taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) em remanescentes quilombolas. Estudo transversal, realizado em 32 comunidades remanescentes de quilombolas, no município de Alcântara - MA. Os indicadores nutricionais (IN) utilizados foram: índice de massa corporal (IMC); circunferência da cintura (CC); relação cintura-quadril (RCQ); relação cintura-estatura (RCEst); índice de conicidade (Índice C) e tecido adiposo visceral estimado (TAVe). A TFG foi estimada a partir da fórmula do CKD-EPI creatinina-cistatina C. O teste Shapiro Wilk foi utilizado para avaliar a normalidade das variáveis quantitativas. Para comparar os IN segundo sexo foi aplicado o teste qui-quadrado. Os testes Anova ou Kruskal-Wallis foram usados para verificar a associação entre os IN e a TFG. Dos 1.526 remanescentes quilombolas estudados, 89,5% eram da cor preta ou parda, 51,2% eram mulheres, 88,6% pertenciam às classes econômicas D e E e 61,2% eram lavradores ou pescadores. A investigação clínica revelou 29,2% de hipertensos, 8,5% de diabéticos e 3,1% com TFG reduzida. O IMC revelou 45,6% dos remanescentes quilombolas com excesso de peso. Quando comparadas aos homens, as mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência de excesso de peso pelo IMC (56,6% vs. 33,8%; p <0,001) e obesidade abdominal CC (52,3% vs. 4,3%), RCQ (76,5% vs. 5,8%), RCEst (82,3% vs. 48,9%) e TAVe (27,1% vs. 14,5%) (p<0,001). Comparando as médias dos IN segundo a TFG observou-se que, quanto maior o valor médio dos IN, menor a TFG (p<0,05). A TFG foi reduzida com o aumento dos valores médios dos indicadores nutricionais de obesidade abdominal, independentemente do sexo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Obesity, Abdominal/physiopathology , Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology , Reference Values , Triglycerides/blood , Uric Acid/blood , Brazil/ethnology , Logistic Models , Sex Factors , Anthropometry , Cholesterol/blood , Nutritional Status/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Creatinine/blood , Black People , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology , Cystatin C/blood , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/ethnology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Middle Aged
15.
An. bras. dermatol ; 93(2): 205-211, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887203

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: Coexistence of obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia is defined as metabolic syndrome (MBS), which is among the important risk indicators for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and stroke. Smoking and alcohol consumption are the other factors which lead to an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, smoking and alcohol consumption in psoriasis patients and the relationship between disease severity and these factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 563 patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis, all of which completed a questionnaire and underwent a complete physical examination. Data about MBS components, psoriasis severity/duration, smoking and alcohol consumption, and cardiovascular diseases were recorded. Results: A total of 563 patients with ages ranging from 18 to 78 years were evaluated. Metabolic syndrome was found in 12.6% of the patients [central obesity (38.7%), hypertension (14.3%), dyslipidemia (18.6%), diabetes (9.2%)], while 50.3% had smoking, and 3.3% had alcohol consumption. Patients with metabolic syndrome were older and more likely to have a longer disease duration than those without metabolic syndrome (p<0.05 for each). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in women than in men. Psoriasis was more severe in patients with central obesity, diabetes and smoking than in those without (p<0.05 for each). Study Limitations: Retrospective design. Conclusions: Our results indicate that MBS is a risk factor for psoriasis patients with advanced age. The relationship between disease severity and obesity, diabetes, and smoking in psoriasis patients indicates that the patients should be informed about the potential metabolic risks and receive therapies for behavioral changes besides anti-psoriatic treatment in order to minimize these risks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Psoriasis/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Psoriasis/complications , Time Factors , Turkey/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Smoking/adverse effects , Sex Factors , Epidemiologic Methods , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Dyslipidemias/complications , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology
16.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 34(4): e00067617, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-889945

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência do fenótipo cintura hipertrigliceridêmica (FCH) em participantes do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil), identificar fatores de risco associados e comparar com outros indicadores de risco cardiovascular e metabólico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com dados da linha de base de uma coorte de servidores públicos. O FCH é definido pela presença simultânea de circunferência da cintura (CC) aumentada (≥ 80cm para mulheres, ≥ 90cm para homens de acordo com a Federação Internacional de Diabetes - IDF; e ≥ 88cm para mulheres, ≥ 102cm para homens de acordo com o Programa Nacional de Educação sobre o Colesterol dos Estados Unidos - NCEP) e hipertrigliceridemia. A associação entre as variáveis independentes e FCH foi testada por meio de modelos de regressão logística multivariada. O FCH foi comparado também com outros indicadores de risco cardiovascular e metabólico por meio de testes de correlação, índice kappa, sensibilidade e especificidade. Após exclusões, foram analisados 12.811 participantes. A prevalência do FCH variou de 24,7% (IDF) a 13,3% (NCEP). FCH foi associado a ter idade mais avançada, ao consumo excessivo de álcool, ser ex-fumante, apresentar HDL baixo, não-HDL alto e PCR aumentado, independente do sexo ou critério de definição. FCH associou-se a indicadores de risco cardiovascular, especialmente à síndrome metabólica. A elevada prevalência de FCH e sua associação com indicadores de risco cardiovascular, especialmente com a síndrome metabólica, apoia sua utilização como ferramenta de triagem de risco cardiometabólico na prática clínica.


This study's objectives were to estimate the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) phenotype in participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), identify associated risk factors, and compare with other cardiovascular and metabolic risk indicators. This was a cross-sectional study with baseline data from a cohort of public employees. HTW is defined as the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (WC) (≥ 80cm for women, ≥ 90cm for men according to the International Diabetes Federation - IDF; and ≥ 88cm for women, ≥ 102cm for men according to the U.S. National Cholesterol Education Program - NCEP) and hypertriglyceridemia. Associations between independent variables and HTW were tested with multivariate logistic regression models. HTW was also compared to other cardiovascular and metabolic risk indicators by means of correlation tests, kappa index, sensitivity, and specificity. After exclusions, 12,811 participants were analyzed. Prevalence of HTW ranged from 24.7% (IDF) to 13.3% (NCEP). HTW was associated with age, excessive alcohol consumption, former smoking, low HDL, non-high HDL, and increased C-reactive protein, independently of gender or the criterion used to define HTW. HTW was associated with cardiovascular risk indicators, especially metabolic syndrome. The high prevalence of HTW and its association with cardiovascular risk indicators, especially metabolic syndrome, supports its use as a cardiometabolic risk screening tool in clinical practice.


El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia del fenotipo cintura hipertrigliceridémica (FCH), en participantes del Estudio Longitudinal de la Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil), identificar factores de riesgo asociados, y compararlo con otros indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular y metabólico. Se trata de un estudio transversal con datos de la línea de referencia de una cohorte de empleados públicos. El FCH se define por la presencia simultánea de circunferencia de la cintura (CC) aumentada (≥ 80cm para mujeres, ≥ 90cm para hombres de acuerdo con la Federación Internacional de Diabetes - IDF; y ≥ 88cm para mujeres, ≥ 102cm para hombres de acuerdo con el Programa National de Educación sobre el colesterol de los EE.UU. - NCEP) e hipertrigliceridemia. La asociación entre las variables independientes y FCH fue probada mediante modelos de regresión logística multivariada. El FCH se comparó también con otros indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular y metabólico, mediante pruebas de correlación, índice kappa, sensibilidad y especificidad. Tras las exclusiones, se analizaron a 12.811 participantes. La prevalencia del FCH varió de un 24,7% (IDF) a un 13,3% (NCEP). El FCH se asoció a tener una edad más avanzada, al consumo excesivo de alcohol, ser ex-fumador, presentar HDL bajo, no-HDL alto y PCR aumentado, independiente del sexo o criterio de definición. FCH se asoció a indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular, especialmente al síndrome metabólico. La elevada prevalencia de FHC y su asociación con indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular, especialmente con el síndrome metabólico, apoya su utilización como herramienta de clasificación de riesgo cardiometabólico en la práctica clínica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Metabolic Syndrome/etiology , Waist Circumference , Hypertriglyceridemic Waist/complications , Phenotype , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Longitudinal Studies , Obesity, Abdominal/complications
17.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 54(4): 160-168, dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957983

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El índice de adiposidad visceral (VAI) es un método sencillo y costo-efectivo en la determinación de adiposidad visceral. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la relación entre el VAI con diversos factores de riesgo cardiovascular, variables sociodemográficas y hábitos psicobiológicos en la población adulta de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 318 individuos adultos seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio y multietápico, a quienes se les realizó evaluación clínica, evaluación antropométrica y de laboratorio. El VAI se determinó utilizando las fórmulas propuestas que emplean circunferencia abdominal, el índice de masa corporal, los triacilglicéridos y HDL-C. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple para determinar los principales factores asociados a adiposidad visceral en sus valores más elevados. Resultados: En los 318 individuos, el promedio del VAI fue 2,57 (1,66-3,94), con valores más elevados para el sexo femenino. En el modelo de regresión logística múltiple, los factores de riesgo significativos para VAI moderado-alto fueron: la edad (> 60 años: OR = 3,87; IC del 95%: 1,15-12,96; p = 0,03), el consumo calórico, la glucemia alterada en ayuno y la actividad física en ocio. Conclusión: El VAI es un método útil para definir a aquellos sujetos con adiposidad visceral en nuestra región. La edad, el consumo calórico diario y la glucemia alterada en ayuno son los principales factores asociados con los valores más elevados delíndice, mientras que la actividad física durante el ocio representó un factor protector para clasificar a los sujetos en los estadios más avanzados.


Introduction: The visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a simple and cost effective method for the determination of visceral adiposity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between VAI and different cardiovascular risk factors, sociodemographic variables, and psychobiological habits in the adult population of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 318 adult individuals selected by multistage random sampling, who underwent a clinical, anthropometric and laboratory evaluation. VAI was determined using the proposed formula that used abdominal circumference, body mass index, triglycerides, and HDL-Cholesterol. A multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the main factors associated with the highest values of visceral adiposity. Results: The mean VAI was 2.57 (1.66-3.94) in the 318 individuals studied, with higher values for females. In the multiple logistic regression model, significant risk factors for moderatehigh VAI were: age (>60 years: OR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.15-12.96, P=.03), calorie intake, impaired fasting glucose, and leisure time physical activity. Conclusion: VAI is a useful method to define those subjects with visceral adiposity in our region. Age, daily calorie intake, and impaired fasting glucose are the main factors associated with higher index values, while leisure time physical activity was a protective factor for classifying subjects in the more advanced stages.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Fat Distribution/statistics & numerical data , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Energy Intake/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Ecuador/epidemiology , Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis
18.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 54(4): 176-183, dic. 2017. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-957985

ABSTRACT

Aim: Visceral obesity is one of the most intensely researched cardiometabolic risk factors in recent years; nonetheless, its accurate assessment remains a challenge in regions were socioeconomic conditions hinder the widespread use of diagnostic methods for this purpose, such as imaging tests. In this setting, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) may be a useful tool. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the VAI cutoff in adult population from Maracaibo City, Venezuela. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with multi-staged sampling; 2026 subjects of both genders aged ≥18 years were selected from this database and had their VAI calculated. In order to determine VAI cutoffs, subsamples of metabolically healthy and sick individuals were determined, with 599 and 286 subjects, respectively. Gender-specific and general ROC curves were plotted in order to identify the most suitable cutoff according to sensitivity and specificity. Results: Median VAI in the selected sample was 1.67 (0.97-2.78). The optimal cutoff was determined to be 1.91, with 70.3% sensitivity, 70.3% specificity [AUC = 0.777 (0.745-0.808)]. No differences were found between genders. Analysis by age revealed VAI to have greater predictive power among subjects aged < 30 years (cutoff: 1.53), 78.6% sensitivity, 72.8% specificity [AUC = 0.797 (0.709-0.884)]. Conclusion: We suggest a VAI cutoff of 1.9 for define dysfunctional adiposity in our population, with age being an important factor in the epidemiologic behavior of this variable, particularly in younger individuals.


Objetivo: La obesidad central es uno de los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos emergente más evaluado durante los últimos años, sin embargo, su medición de forma precisa resulta un reto en aquellas poblaciones cuyas condiciones económicas dificultan la realización de métodos diagnósticos complejos, como pruebas de imagen. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio es determinar el punto de corte del índice de adiposidad visceral (VAI) en sujetos adultos de la ciudad de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Métodos: Se seleccionó a 2.026 individuos de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años, de la base de datos del Estudio de prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en la ciudad de Maracaibo, un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestreo multietápico. El VAI se calculó para cada sexo y para la estimación del punto corte se seleccionó a 599 sujetos sanos y 286 enfermos, realizándose curvas COR para identificar el mejor valor de acuerdo con la sensibilidad y la especificidad. Resultados: El promedio de VAI en la muestra seleccionada fue 1,67 (0,97-2,78). El punto de corte fue 1,91 (70,3% de sensibilidad y 70,3% de especificidad) con AUC = 0,777 (0,745-0,808), sin diferencias en el punto de corte según sexo. En el análisis por grupos etarios la mayor capacidad predictiva fue para el grupo < 30 años con AUC = 0,797 (0,709-0,884), con un punto de corte de 1,53 (78,6% de sensibilidad y 72,8% de especificidad). Conclusión: El punto de corte indicado para VAI en nuestra población es de 1,9; considerando la edad como un factor importante en su comportamiento, especialmente en los grupos más jóvenes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Venezuela/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis
19.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(6): 509-515, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887982

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity and associated conditions, such as hypertension, has become a major problem of public health. Although waist circumference (WC) is a marker of cardiovascular risk in adults, it is unclear whether this index is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in children. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the association between increased WC and elevated blood pressure (BP) in children with normal body mass index (BMI) ranges. Methods: Cross-sectional evaluation of students between 6 and 11 years with normal BMI. WC was categorized by quartile for each age group. Normal BP was defined as values < 90th percentile, and levels above this range were considered elevated. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 5,037 children initially assessed, 404 (8%) were excluded for being underweight and 1,216 (24.1%) were excluded for being overweight or obese. A final sample of 3,417 children was evaluated. The prevalence of elevated BP was 10.7%. In children with WC in the lowest quartile, the prevalence of elevated BP was 8.1%. This prevalence increased in upper quartiles: 10.6% in the second, 12.4% in third and 12.1% in the upper quartile. So, in this group, being in the highest WC quartile was associated with a 57% higher likelihood to present elevated BP when compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q4 vs Q1; OR 1.57 - 95%CI 1.14 - 2.17). Conclusion: In children aged 6 to 11 years, increased waist circumference is associated with elevated BP even when BMI is normal.


Resumo Fundamento: A prevalência da obesidade infantil e condições associadas, tal como a hipertensão, tornou-se um grande problema de saúde pública. Embora a circunferência da cintura (CC) seja um marcador de risco cardiovascular em adultos, não está claro se esse índice está associado a fatores de risco cardiovascular em crianças. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre CC aumentada e pressão arterial (PA) elevada em crianças com índice de massa corpórea (IMC) normal. Métodos: Avaliação transversal de estudantes com idade entre 6 e 11 anos com IMC normal. A CC foi categorizada por quartil para cada faixa etária. PA normal foi definida como valores < percentil 90. Níveis acima dessa faixa foram considerados elevados. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes. Resultados: Das 5037 crianças inicialmente avaliadas, 404 (8%) foram excluídas por estarem abaixo do peso e 1216 (24,1%) foram excluídas por estarem com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Uma amostra final de 3417 crianças foi avaliada. A prevalência de PA elevada foi de 10,7%. Em crianças com CC no quartil mais baixo, a prevalência de PA elevada foi de 8,1%. Essa prevalência aumentou em quartis superiores: 10,6% no segundo, 12,4% no terceiro e 12,1% no quartil mais alto. Assim, nesse grupo, estar no quartil mais alto de CC associou-se com uma probabilidade 57% maior de apresentar PA elevada em comparação aos quartis mais baixos (Q4 vs. Q1; OR 1,57 - IC95% 1,14 - 2,17). Conclusão: Em crianças de 6 a 11 anos, circunferência da cintura aumentada está associada à PA elevada, mesmo quando o IMC é normal. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Waist Circumference , Obesity, Abdominal/complications , Pediatric Obesity/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Urban Population , Blood Pressure , Brazil/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology
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